Effect of Public Squares on Social Interaction

Impact of Public Squares on Social Interaction SOCIAL COHESION AND THE ROLE OF THE PUBLIC SQUARE IN CONTRAST TO THE THIRD PLACE Social attachment is a term utilized insocial strategy, humanism and political theory to portray the degrees of social consideration, incorporation, association and support inside a general public, especially in the setting ofcultural assorted variety. It is related the basic functionalism and political conservatism of the constructed condition, consequently is legitimately influenced by the procedure of Urban Design (). The idea of Urban Design as a build of the twentieth Century is questionable in its definition (Carmona, 2003, p. 3). It recommends tending (to improve things) the attributes of a city, by proposing overhauled designs through a procedure of example making, portraying and arranging. (Carmona, 2003, p. 3) In any case, the city in its own privilege is a mind boggling organ which works on numerous levels; financial, socio-social, political and ecological. The city as an organ is in a steady condition of response, either to boost from inside or outside to its geopolitical limits (Lynch, 1990). Expressed clearly, all together that a city performs effectively, it is important that it keeps up or endeavors towards a condition of dynamic harmony by at the same time keeping up financial pertinence to its more extensive setting, and tending to the financial needs of its residents(). Therefore by understanding the city (its components) as holders for human exercises, it might be seen that the thought of urban plan today has developed from the underlying making of building masses and the resulting verbalization of open space (Carmona, 2003, p. 3). It is currently positively worried about the making of a physical and socio-social open domain which is essentially delighted in by its clients, yet in addition makes a more noteworthy feeling of social union, important for good network living (Carmona, 2003). Consequently it follows that if the essential focus on urban structure today is making places for individuals (Project for Public Spaces, 2009), we ought to look at basically the exhibitions of various types of open spot as far as empowering social cooperation and in this manner social union. First the open square, a natural idea to the normal man (French, 1978). Articulations of urban pride, open squares are by and large encapsulated by its availability, regularly ruled by a milestone or city building (French, 1978). Their subsequent significant level of readability expands the client base from neighborhood individuals from the network to incorporate the more extensive open (Whyte, 1980).Thus making an exceptionally dynamic space helpful for social collaboration (Whyte, 1980). On the other hand, less acquainted with the normal man is the idea of third spot (Oldenburg, 1999, p. 15). Oldenburg saw that hoards transport to and fro from the belly to the futile way of life in a choked example of every day life that effectively creates the longing to escape from everything (Oldenburg, 1999, p. 9). It is this spot of break that he characterizes as the third spot, while the principal (belly) is the home and the second (futile way of life) is the work environment (Oldenburg, 1999, p. 9). This third spot emerges from the human requirement for a standard diversion space, which fills in as a middle person between the exercises of living and working.() Although by and large a communication space for individuals from a nearby network, it exists in an assortment of structures extending from the more effectively recognizable bistros, bars, libraries; to the not all that conspicuous autonomous dealers, for example, barbershops and cybercafã ©s (Oldenburg, 1999). Infusing such program inside the urban texture encourages the idea of socio-social having a place (Jacobs, 1993). It fills in as impartial ground for the rise of discussion across segment profiles, and in this manner the introduction of companionships dependent on the shared view of network (Oldenburg, 1999, p. 169). This exposition examines in more noteworthy detail the attributes of both the open square and the third spot. It features the qualifications in the degrees of social association that every one of these spaces support. To represent these focuses this exposition utilizes Hackney Central, London as a contextual investigation. City lights and shining windows Built in to fabulous shapes Overlook hints of Vietnam Viaducts and craftsman scenes Historic signs, trenches and patios Hint of laborers battle to endure Melting now into sound and shading, Sense the Caribbean wake up. Saturday banters in Kurdish bistros And customers picking Turkish life. Blend in with the hints of place of worship To recount to the accounts of culture and conviction. What we see is the thing that we pick Inner soul or ratty shell outside. Oppressed, messy neglect or a lifetime learning in a brief ride. Gill Carter The east end is a much cherished and much legendary piece of London and Hackney at its core. Hackney Central its managerial home office today has a socially differing segment, with 65% of its populace comprised of minority ethnic gatherings (Hackney Council, 2009). As home to the famous performance center The Hackney Empire and origination to artist and melodic greats, for example, Harold Pinter and Leona Lewis, Hackney is seeing a noteworthy flood of innovative businesses, as a component of an overflow from stylish neighbors Shoreditch and Hoxton (Sergius, 2009). The spotlight again is turning towards Hackney as it is situated on the essential pivot for improvement coming full circle at the 2012 Olympic site in Stratford (Hackney Council, 2009). Regardless of its rich social legacy and promising future possibilities, Hackney is still especially tormented by a notoriety for being a denied and risky neighborhood, with an affinity to raise wrongdoing (Wikipedia, 2010). In light of these two clashing perspectives, I visited Hackney just because. The Squares two essential components are cultivates evenly spread out on either side of the focal walkway on the east-west hub which proceeds to the Town Hall entrance. The standard of guests to the Square access it through this focal walkway. The nurseries are totally encased by a divider estimating around a large portion of a meter in tallness. In spite of the fact that it is obscure whether this was the underlying plan aim for the divider, its stature is favorable for sitting and is regularly utilized in like manner by guests to the Square without any elective seating. Without a doubt, this outcomes from the human tendency to look for comfort, the convenience of which ought to be a need in the plan of an effective square (Project for Public Spaces, 2009). However it might be seen that the utilization of the nursery dividers to fulfill this fundamental human tendency very effects the social elements of the space. In his investigations of human collaboration in courts (Whyte, 1980, p. 227)observed that individuals show a propensity to self block, being pulled in to spaces that are fundamentally involved by others. This conduct is socially persuaded and coherently can possibly encourage social cooperation out in the open spaces. In any case, in spite of the fact that guests do self block for the most part inside the Hackney Town Hall Square, the previously mentioned absence of explicitly designated seating zones makes them do so erratically, bunching together and sitting in gatherings of associates (Whyte, 1980, p. 227). This really demoralizes social communication between outsiders, dividing the meeting populace (Whyte, 1980, p. 227). Moreover, most of situated guests will in general sit either side of the standard of person on foot stream, the focal walkway (Whyte, 1980, p. 228). Nonetheless, regardless of this pervasive self clog, the walkways huge width doesn't encourage correspondence between clients situated on contradicting garden dividers. Rather this format energizes people-watching, as situated clients watch passers-by along Mare Street and along the focal walkway Seemingly the Square likewise endeavors to support ground floor action by lodging mass-engaging attractions and offices as the Library Cafe and Hackney Empire bar (Project for Public Spaces, 2009). Anyway the beneficial outcomes of these settings are refuted by the presentation of side boulevards Wilton Way and Reading Lane between the Square and both Hackney Empire and Library separately. These two limits are associated by an assistance street before the Town Hall. This U-formed fenced in area demoralizes person on foot development as there is no reasonable sign with respect to whether walker or driver has option to proceed. This unfavorably influences the climate of the Square by lessening the passerby footfall. Therefore, as the tendency of the person to self block wins, people on foot are pulled in toward the dynamic buzz of Mare Street, and continue to banter in the standard of its passerby stream (Whyte, 1980, p. 227). Along these lines the Square fails to meet expectations as a vehicle for social cooperation and in fact performs less adequately than Mare Street. The restrictions that the format of the Square places upon the extent of the social communications inside itself are obvious in the constrained assortment of guests that the Square pulls in (Whyte, 1980, p. 226). IMG_1886.JPG The Squares clear site lines and is simple access (as already explained)are expected to widen its arrangement of guests from individuals from the nearby network to the more extensive open who may not be as proficient of their neighborhood environs. (Whyte, 1980, p. 226) derived from his perceptions that open square clients as a rule have a short drive separation, normally from close by work environments or are guests to attractions on the square. In spite of the fact that it was unrealistic to confirm the work spot of all Town Square clients, I identified an inundation of development laborers on a break from close by works occurring on Morning Lane. I likewise saw that most of the clients were guests to the principle attractions on the Square the Hackney Library and the Hackney Empire. Certainly the area of a narrows of transport stops along Mare Street east of the Square credits to its functio

Isogram - Definition and Examples in English

Isogram s in English Definition In morphology and verbal play, an isogram is a word with no rehashing letters, (for example, both-hands) or, all the more comprehensively, a word wherein the letters happen an equivalent number of times. The term isogramâ (derived from two Greek words significance equivalent and letter)â was instituted by Dmitri Borgmann in Language on Vacation: An Olio of Orthographical Oddities (Scribner, 1965). Articulation I-se-gram Otherwise called non-design word First-Order, Second-Order, and Third-Order Isograms In a first-request isogram, each letter shows up only a single time: discourse is a model. In a second-request isogram, each letter shows up twice: deed is a model. Longer models are elusive: they incorporate Vivienne, Caucasus, digestion tracts, and (significant for a phonetician to know this) bilabial. In a third-request isogram, each letter seems multiple times. These are exceptionally uncommon, irregular words, for example, deeded (passed on by deed), sestettes (a variation spelling of sextets), and geggee (survivor of a scam). I dont know about any fourth-request isograms... The truly fascinating inquiry is: which is the longest isogrammatic place-name in English? To the extent I knowand that is a significant qualificationit is a little town in Worcestershire, west of Evesham: Bricklehampton. Its 14 letters, without any spaces, make it the longest such name in the language. (David Crystal, By Hook or by Crook: A Journey in Search of English. Ignore, 2008) The Longest Nonpattern Word The longest nonpattern word at any point contrived uses 23 of the 26 letters of our letters in order: PUBVEXINGFJORD-SCHMALTZY, implying as though in the way of the outrageous sentimentalism created in certain people by seeing a glorious fjord, which sentimentalism is irritating to the demographic of an English hotel. This word is likewise a case of heading off to as far as possible in the method of verbal imagination. (Dmitri Borgmann, Language on Vacation: An Olio of Orthographical Oddities. Scribner, 1965) The Longest Isogram in the Dictionary UNCOPYRIGHTABLE [is] the longest isogram in Merriam-Websters Collegiate Dictionary, Tenth Edition, the source utilized in Scrabble for long words. Borgmann, who looked through the word reference physically in his journey to control the language, begat UNCOPYRIGHTABLE by setting the prefix UN-before the word reference authorized COPYRIGHTABLE. (Stefan Fatsis, Word Freak: Heartbreak, Triumph, Genius, and Obsession in the World of Competitive Scrabble Players. Houghton-Mifflin, 2001)

TJHSST Essay Samples - Improve Your Grades

TJHSST Essay Samples - Improve Your GradesTJHSST Essay Samples is a must for all high school students, whether you are taking the SAT or ACT. They can be found online, and they offer you advice on how to write well.TJHSST Essay Samples have been designed by teachers of college preparatory classes. This is a course that is taught in both middle and high schools. These essays are usually written by high school students who are taking the SAT or ACT and want to practice what they have learned before it is tested.The essays are supposed to be very short and to the point. You should be able to answer the questions in a very short time frame. By following the tips in the TJHSST essay samples, you will be able to do this.The use of the essay is a great way to improve your grades in high school. By writing a good one you will be able to impress your teacher and get your grade up. If you use the essay examples in your essay and you answer all the questions correctly you will get an A, which i s more than enough to impress your teacher.TJHSST Essay Samples is made by educators in order to improve the standardized test. If you take these samples, you will be able to improve your SAT scores and help get you through the first half of the exam. This is a very important part of the test and every student should take this part of the test seriously.The essays are supposed to be a fun and easy way to learn and they should be written according to the style guidelines of the exam. You should be able to write a decent one, if you follow the tips in the TJHSST essay samples.The topics are supposed to be interesting so that they keep you interested and do not bore you with the entire essay. The idea behind this is to keep you interested and not too dull. A student should be able to do this without too much problem if he follows the sample.TJHSST Essay Samples will help you a lot when it comes to improving your grade and getting a high score. They are written by professionals, so you know that they are going to help you.

Global Warming And Its Effects - 1261 Words

How would the population of the world appreciate it if the Earth got relentlessly hot in a matter of time? Well, this is global warming. This outrageous heat increase is something many think is microscopic and harmless, but it could change the Earth immensely in a matter of time. Made by human activity,global warming, including the burning of fossil fuel, and blazing down forests. Yet scientists can detect how much the Earth’s temperature is increasing, but countries can fix these problems by not depending on natural resources so much, reusing energy, and setting policies for climate change to help the public regulate it. The rising heat has been occurring for centuries, but never enough to really affect us until the boiling of forests began to take place. Built by the Earth’s spinning everyday, global warming, is taking place when heat picks up moisture and puts it down all across the globe. This changes the pattern of the climate (Is Global). Investigating scientist s believe humans are causing this humidity crisis too, and that if places do not change their ways soon, life as humans know it may differ greatly. One process humans do too often that may come back to haunt nations is the burning of fossil fuels and other precious natural resources found on the planet. As stated from The American Spectator by Tom Bethell, â€Å"Environmentalists believe that the 20th-century warming was caused by human activity, primarily the burning of fossil fuels. That produces carbonShow MoreRelatedGlobal Warming And Its Effects985 Words   |  4 PagesEnvironmental Science Professor Mahoney 11/11/14 Global Warming Over the last few decades global warming has become one of the biggest environmental issues of all times. Every year, global warming gets worse and it’s affecting the way people live, it is affecting the atmosphere in general, and other living organisms in our planet. Global warming is the gradual and increasing rise of the overall temperature of the Earth caused by the greenhouse effect due to the increased levels of carbon dioxide andRead MoreGlobal Warming And Its Effects Essay1040 Words   |  5 PagesGlobal warming is directly causing the rise in temperature of the Earth. The melting of the polar ice caps causes some of the most pressing issues including the endangerment of species indigenous to this region and the rise of ocean levels. Global Warming Global warming is the steady rise of temperature of the Earth’s surface. What exactly causes global warming? Numerous sources fuel global warming, such as deforestation, permafrost, and even sunspots. Obviously, many factors contribute to thisRead MoreGlobal Warming And Its Effects1331 Words   |  6 PagesGlobal Warming Global warming is the causation of the Glaciers melting, sea levels rising, cloud forests drying, and wildlife struggles today. Humans are making this possible because of their release of heat-trapping gasses known as greenhouse gasses by their modern devices. Global warming is the abnormal speedy increase in the Earth’s average surface temperature. It is believed that this is due to the greenhouse gasses that people release into the atmosphere by burning fossil fuels.The greenhouseRead MoreGlobal Warming And Its Effects976 Words   |  4 PagesAs global warming, we understand that is the rise in the average temperature of Earth’s atmosphere and oceans. It has been an immense concerning all over the world for the past decades since the current cycle of global warming is changing the rhythms of climate that humans, animals and plants rely on. Scientists have studied the natural cycles and events that are known to influence the change in climate to discover what i s originating the current global warming. However, the amount and pattern ofRead MoreGlobal Warming And Its Effects1571 Words   |  7 PagesAs global issues today become increasingly controversial, many people are inclined to believe that Global Warming is an issue that can take a backseat to more significant issues that plague today’s society. The information presented throughout my research in regards to the rising sea levels and the melting of glaciers and ice shelves, highly indicates that it cannot. What many Americans fail to realize is that if sea levels continue to rise due to Global Warming, then more than half of LouisianaRead MoreGlobal Warming And Its Effects1544 Words   |  7 PagesGlobal warming is one of the vigorously discussed topic on Earth today. According to a TechMedia Network, â€Å"Global warming is the term used to describe a gradual increase in the average temperature of the Earth’s atmosphere and its oceans, a change that is believed to b e permanently changing the Earth’s climate.† (â€Å"Global Warming †¦ Effects†). We have been witnessing the change in Earth’s climate since past few years, and we are well aware of the consequences of climate change as well. Global warmingRead MoreGlobal Warming And Its Effects1432 Words   |  6 Pageshas an effect on climate change and contributes to global warming. Yet people tend to turn a blind eye to global warming and label it as a myth, whether they do not believe in it or it is not in their best financial interest to believe in it. Let us take a closer look at global warming and the effects it has on our people, homes and environments. Global Warming has become a rising problem in our world’s climate. It’s time we show the initiative to understand the concept of global warming and showRead MoreGlobal Warming And Its Effects928 Words   |  4 PagesGlobal-Warming Mother Earth is burning as we speak; humanity has killed our precious Earth. Global-warming is a vicious killer that was created by the humans on this Earth, and there s no way to cure it. We, as humans, have the power to cleanse the Earth, but instead we destroy it. Heat is absorbed by carbon dioxide and greenhouse gases. A greenhouse gas absorb thermal radiation emitted by the Earth s surface. As the sun s energy reaches the Earth’s surface some of it goes back out into spaceRead MoreGlobal Warming And Its Effects1416 Words   |  6 Pages Global Warming The earth is getting warmer, animals and their habitats are declining, human health is at risk and the cause of all this terror is Global Warming. Global warming will cause many parts of the world to change. In the next 50 years climate change could be the cause of more than a million terrestrial species becoming extinct. Sea levels will raise which means more flooding and is not good for the plants. With too much water the plants will die and herbivores will lose theirRead MoreGlobal Warming And Its Effects1312 Words   |  6 PagesGlobal warming is presenting a lot of environmental and health problems to many countries. A lot of heat gets trapped on earth due to formation of a non-porous layer gases below the atmosphere. The worst effect is felt by developing countries, which are also geographically disadvantaged. The establishment of such countries is on low altitude areas. This position makes developing countries to be direct victims of floods from the melting snow at high altit ude areas. A lot of scientific research associates

Disease Study Lung Cancer - 1390 Words

Morbidity: Lung Cancer Lung cancer is one of the most significant and preventable causes of death in the United States and other developed countries today. Some states within the US have higher instances of lung cancer than others, and there are various factors that affect that. For the state of Tennessee, which will be the focus of this paper, the most current year for which lung cancer statistics are available is 2007. According to the CDC, there were 78.4 to 97.7 people per 100,000 who got lung cancer in Tennessee in 2007 (CDC, 2010). Among people in that state who had lung cancer, 56.8 to 74.6 per 100,000 died in that same year (CDC, 2010). The Tennessee Department of Health also released 2007 figures on the 10 leading causes of death in that state, which were: Diseases of the heart Malignant neoplasms Cerebrovascular diseases Accidents Chronic lower respiratory diseases Alzheimers Diabetes mellitus Influenza and pneumonia Intentional self-harm (suicide) Nephritis, nephrotic syndrome, and nephrosis (Source: Tennessee Department of Health, 2008). It can be seen from this list that lung cancer, specifically, was not among the top 10 causes of death in Tennessee. However, the number two cause of death, malignant neoplasms, is the medical term for cancer. That makes it clear that some form of cancer was the cause of death in a significant number of individuals in Tennessee in 2007. The Office of Cancer Surveillance, working in support of the TennesseeShow MoreRelatedEssay Smoking and Lung Cancer1540 Words   |  7 PagesWhat more can one want?† Unfortunately, Oscar Wilde had no idea that smoking caused lung cancer. Lung cancer is one of the most preventable diseases that exist, yet people continue to voluntarily put themselves at risk, and it still has tragic effects on the person and their family even though there are ways to treat it. The disease itself is categorized into two types, but both are eventually fatal. The cancer has several causes, but is mainly due to smoking. It has many numerous effects, bothRead MoreDe tecting the Signs and Symptoms of Lung Cancer Essay746 Words   |  3 PagesDetecting the Signs and Symptoms of Lung Cancer Non-communicable diseases like cancer are rapidly increasing in number more than the different infectious diseases such as rabies, AIDS, etc. In US alone, the American Cancer Society approximates to diagnose around 223,500 new lung cancer cases with 165,000 expected mortality or deaths in 2012. In fact, 20% of cancer deaths in the developing countries are due to lung cancer. It’s very sad to note that the majority of these deaths are predisposed byRead MoreA Short Note On Lung Cancer Awareness And Cancer1647 Words   |  7 Pages Lung Cancer Awareness Lung cancer, like other cancers is a disease attributed by excessive growth of cells and tissues in the lungs unlike other cancers which occur in different parts. This disorder is typically capable of spreading to other parts of the body and affecting them viciously. Cancers of the lungs are also known as carcinomas. A carcinoma is a strain of cancer that grows from epithelial cells primarily developing from tissues in the inside or outside surfaces of the body. The spreadRead MoreLncrna Essay701 Words   |  3 PagesLnc RNA in human diseases Human lncRNA is versatile and has many cellular functions like alternate splicing, nuclear import, epigenetics, RNA turnover, translation and regulation (Tani, 2017).thus in medical research, lncRNA is achieving importance as their dysregulation is directly associated with diseases like cancer. They act as a precursor of siRNA and has both tumor suppression and oncogenic property. Few of the roles of lncRNA in disease are described below. (Lo, Wolfson, Zhou, 2016) MIR4435-HGRead MoreHigh Mortality Rates Among Men Essay1504 Words   |  7 PagesThe shared concern among medical professionals about the potential for higher mortality rates among men over fifty due to smoking has prompted medical professionals to encourage more lung cancer screening. Screening is recommended for all men and women under the age of 80 who are present smokers or were smokers in the past. De Koning et al. (2014) identify three sub-categories for current and past smokers between 55 and 80 years old. One cat egory covered those with 25 years since stopping, or 20Read MoreThe Effect of Smoking on Health Essay example670 Words   |  3 PagesThe Effect of Smoking on Health â€Å"Tobacco smoke is a complex mixture of more than 4,000 chemicals in the form of gases, particles or both. When you inhale cigarette smoke, dozens of harmful substances enter your lungs and spread through your body. They can reach your brain, heart and other organs within 10 seconds of the first puff.† (Winstanly. M et al 1995) Tobacco is a plant which has been grown over thousands of years upon which many scientific experiments haveRead MoreCause And Effect Of Lung Cancer Essay1334 Words   |  6 Pages Lung cancer is one of the most lethal cancer known throughout the world. The most common suspect of that is smoking, then what happens to the people who inhales the smokers’ smoke? Are they also at risk for developing lung cancer from being a victim? The answer to that right now is that secondhand smoke alone is just a risk factor, there are no evidence right now that currently show that secondhand smoke alone can cause lung cancer by itself. This means that we need to encourage studies that areRead MoreDoes Smoking Cause Lung Cancer Essay1294 Words   |  6 Pagesfrom lung cancer and other smoking related diseases than they die from aids, drug abuse, car accidents and homicide, combined. Cigarette smoking is a danger to our life and health. It is the leading known cause of lung cancer. Each year more than 30,000 people will die of lung cancer and 4 out of 5 of them will get it because of cigarette smoke. Studies have proven that there is no safe way to smoke. Tobacco contains many dangerous cancer causing chemicals that affects the lungs of theRead MoreResearch Problem Lung cancer is the growth of abnormal cells in the lungs. This abnormal growth can900 Words   |  4 PagesProblem Lung cancer is the growth of abnormal cells in the lungs. This abnormal growth can occur in either one of both of the lungs. The abnormal cells cause the development of unhealthy lung tissue, which causes the lungs to not function properly. The main function of the lungs is to provide oxygen to the body via the blood. Some of the symptoms of lung cancer are a persistent cough, shortness of breath, recurrent pneumonia, change in sputum, and coughing up blood (What is Lung,). Lung cancer isRead MoreMorbidity: Lung Cancer1672 Words   |  7 PagesMorbidity-Lung Cancer The human body is designed so that each part is dependent on the other for one or the other reason. There is a delicate balance to the distribution of functions and the way in which each system defenses itself against any unmentionable disease or ailment. However, there are stages in the lives of all humans when the body finds itself in a position where it is no longer able to defend itself against ailments and diseases and eventually may even lose the battle. One such

The Bluest Eye By Toni Morrison Essay - 1465 Words

House is a Continuation of a Family When one thinks of the word house, a place of comfort, love, and support comes to mind. Meanwhile, society tends to forget that initially home is a house: a constructed place of living that has all the materialistic essentials to survive in it; but is not a home because it has no feeling of love, safety or serenity within it. These two words, â€Å"home† and â€Å"house† seem so similar, but are very different in their meanings. In The Bluest Eye by Toni Morrison, houses and homes are depicted very neatly and compared with one another, as the residents of those. Even though everything origins around Breedloves’ family and shown through their lives, almost all of the characters are preoccupied with defining their social class status in Midwestern society during the Great Depression. There is an evident desire to escape poverty and the limiting circumstances of the time and their social classes; represented through houses and physical space characters in. In additi on to the social and economical influences, houses in the novel also symbolize the emotional situations and values of the characters who inhabit them. At the time, owning a house says something about one s income and social class status, especially for African Americans, which are coming out of the age of slavery. However, the pressure from the environment creates emotional situations that hard to overcome and cuts all accomplished efforts to none. Followed by the mental state characters’Show MoreRelatedThe Bluest Eye By Toni Morrison1720 Words   |  7 Pagesof The Bluest Eye, Toni Morrison, criticizes the danger of race discrimination for any kinds of situations with no exception. The purpose of the paper is explain how pervasive and destructive social racism was bound to happen in American society. The intended audiences are not only black people, but also other races had suffered racism until now. I could find out and concentrate on the most notable symbols which are wh iteness, blue eyes and the characterization while reading the novel. Toni MorrisonRead MoreThe Bluest Eye By Toni Morrison1587 Words   |  7 Pagessaid, â€Å"We were born to die and we die to live.† Toni Morrison correlates to Nelson’s quote in her Nobel Lecture of 1993, â€Å"We die. That may be the meaning of life. But we do language. That may be the measure of our lives.† In Toni Morrison’s novel, The Bluest Eye, she uses language to examine the concepts of racism, lack of self-identity, gender roles, and socioeconomic hardships as they factor into a misinterpretation of the American Dream. Morrison illustrates problems that these issues provoke throughRead MoreThe Bluest Eye By Toni Morrison956 Words   |  4 PagesHistory of Slavery Influenced the Characters of The Bluest Eye Unlike so many pieces of American literature that involve and examine the history of slavery and the years of intensely-entrenched racism that ensued, the overall plot of the novel, The Bluest Eye by Toni Morrison, does not necessarily involve slavery directly, but rather examines the aftermath by delving into African-American self-hatred. Nearly all of the main characters in The Bluest Eye who are African American are dominated by the endlessRead MoreThe Bluest Eye By Toni Morrison1189 Words   |  5 PagesA standard of beauty is established by the society in which a person lives and then supported by its members in the community. In the novel The Bluest Eye by Toni Morrison, we are given an extensive understanding of how whiteness is the standard of beauty through messages throughout the novel that whiteness is superior. Morrison emphasizes how this ideality distorts the minds and lives of African-American women and children. He emphasizes that in order for African-American wom en to survive in aRead MoreThe Bluest Eye by Toni Morrison1095 Words   |  5 PagesSocial class is a major theme in the book The Bluest Eye by Toni Morrison. Toni Morrison is saying that there are dysfunctional families in every social class, though people only think of it in the lower class. Toni Morrison was also stating that people also use social class to separate themselves from others and apart from race; social class is one thing Pauline and Geraldine admire.Claudia, Pecola, and Frieda are affected by not only their own social status, but others social status too - for exampleRead MoreThe Bluest Eye By Toni Morrison2069 Words   |  9 Pagesblack/whiteness. Specifically, white people were positioned at the upper part of the hierarchy, whereas, African Americans were inferior. Consequently, white people were able to control and dictate to the standards of beauty. In her novel, ‘The Bluest Eye’, Toni Morrison draws upon symbolism, narrative voice, setting and id eals of the time to expose the effects these standards had on the different characters. With the juxtaposition of Claudia MacTeer and Pecola Breedlove, who naively conforms to the barrierRead MoreThe Bluest Eye By Toni Morrison1103 Words   |  5 Pages Toni Morrison is known for her prized works exploring themes and issues that are rampant in African American communities. Viewing Toni Morrison’s novel The Bluest Eye from a psychoanalytical lens sheds light onto how, as members of a marginalized group, character’s low self-esteem reflect into their actions, desires, and defense mechanisms. In her analysis of psychoanalytical criticism, Lois Tyson focuses on psychological defense mechanisms such as selective perception, selective memory, denialRead MoreThe Bluest Eye By Toni Morrison Essay1314 Words   |  6 PagesThe Bluest Eye, by Toni Morrison, encompasses the themes of youth, gender, and race. The African American Civil Rights Movement had recently ended at the time the novel was written. In the book, Morrison utilizes a first-person story to convey her views on racial inequality. The protagonist and her friends find themselves in moments where they are filled with embarrassment and have a wish to flee such events. Since they are female African Americans, they are humiliated in society. One of Morrison’sRead MoreThe Bluest Eye By Toni Morrison1462 Words   |  6 PagesBildungsroman literature in the 20th century embodies the virtues of different authors’ contexts and cultures, influencing the fictional stories of children’s lives around the wo rld.. The Bluest Eye is a 1970 publication by Toni Morrison set in 1940s Ohio in America, focal around the consequence of racism in an American community on the growth of a child, distinct in its use of a range of narrative perspectives. Annie John by Jamaica Kincaid is a novel set in post colonial Antigua, published in 1985Read MoreThe Bluest Eye By Toni Morrison992 Words   |  4 PagesSet in the 1940s, during the Great Depression, the novel The Bluest Eye, by Toni Morrison, illustrates in the inner struggles of African-American criticism. The Breedloves, the family the story revolves around a poor, black and ugly family. They live in a two-room store front, which is open, showing that they have nothing. In the family there is a girl named Pecola Breedlove, she is a black and thinks that she is ugly because she is not white. Pecola’s father, Cholly Breedlove, goes through humiliated

Education in the Philippines free essay sample

Program  covers kindergarten and 12 years of basic education (six years of primary education, four years of junior high school, and two years of senior high school [SHS]). This means that all students are required to enroll in Kindergarten first, before advancing into Elementary. The current 4 years of Secondary level will be changed into 6 years, divided in Junior High School and Senior High School. The batch of first year high school students on SY 2012-2013 will be the first ones to experience the new high school curriculum. This means that by SY 2016-2017 they will undergo Senior High, instead of already finishing Secondary level. And by SY 2018-2019 all students are required to have attended the full 12 years of basic Education for them to be accepted in the Tertiary level. It is to provide sufficient time for mastery of concepts and skills, develop lifelong learners, and prepare graduates for tertiary education, middle-level skills development, employment, and entrepreneurship. We will write a custom essay sample on Education in the Philippines or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In other words, it is a program to ensure mastery of skills and abilities after graduating in 12 years of education. K to 12 has different benefits to both individuals and to our society and economy. To individuals: * It gives students more time to master competencies and skills   * It prepares graduates with skills essential for the world of work. * Graduates will be able to earn higher wages and/or better prepared to start their own business. * Filipino graduates, e. g. engineers, architects, doctors, etc. , could now be recognized as professionals in other countries for our system of education is the same as theirs. * It will help in freeing parents of the burden of having to spend for college just to make their children employable. A student who completes K to 12 will be equipped with skills, competencies, and recognized certificates equivalent to a two-year college degree * K to 12 offers a more balanced approach to learning that will enable children to acquire and master lifelong learning skills (as against a congested curriculum) for the 21st  century. To the society and economy: * The e conomy will experience accelerated growth in the long run because studies show that the improvements in the quality of education will increase Philippine’s GDP growth by as much as 2%. * The Philippine education system will be at par with international standards. It will be globally competitive. Despite of the many advantages, K to 12 program has also some disadvantages. Some of them are the ff: * not all schools can accommodate all the senior high school students * there will be shortage of teachers, classrooms and facilities * additional two years will make extra expenses for parents especially for the poor Also, be informed that the Philippines is not the only country using the k-12 education, in the United States, Canada and Australia, primary and secondary education together are sometimes referred to as K-12 education, and in New Zealand Year 1-13 is used. So, based on different information I gathered, I can say that K-12 system of education will have good results financially and economically in the later years. Some may have negative opinions regarding this topic, but wait till they see the outcome of this program. I am sure that this program will become successful and will benefit not only students and Filipinos, but also our economy and country. References: www. kuro-kuro. org http://www. gov. ph www. wikipedia. org http://www. smartparenting. com. ph www. google. com www. yahoo. com

Heroes and Heroism in Renaissance Literature Essay Example

Heroes and Heroism in Renaissance Literature Paper The social climate of a time and the associated values and norms will determine how characters are presented as a hero and how others are not. This paper will analyses how heroes are portrayed and how heroism is defined in Renaissance literature. To do so, we will have to look back at two literary periods which influenced the Renaissance significantly, namely the classical epics and poems, and medieval literature. This is necessary as it is impossible to analyses a literary movement without acknowledging its predecessors because art movements are often a reaction to its forerunners. The classical epics, poems, narratives and plays were essential in Ancient Greece and Rome. They were the main source of entertainment and were used to educate the people in these polytheistic societies. The hero in these texts were typically from noble and wealthy descend and they were sometimes portrayed as god-like characters. During these times, people valued ideals such as courage, honor, the warrior code and the importance of preserving the family good name. For example, epic heroes will not take on a fight with a weaker foe and he will respect the honorable heroic code. The characterization and portrayal of the heroes were done in a stereotypical way. A possible reason for this could be the fact that these stories ere part of the oral tradition of telling stories which means that events, characters and plots needed to be relatively simple and easy to remember. A typical protagonist would try to achieve a goal, but would not succeed and was likely to die in the process of trying to achieve it. He or she had one main, tragic flaw which would be his downfall and therefore would lead the hero to a tragic death. We will write a custom essay sample on Heroes and Heroism in Renaissance Literature specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Heroes and Heroism in Renaissance Literature specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Heroes and Heroism in Renaissance Literature specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer As his unlucky fate approaches, the hero will often have a lengthy lamentation where the character reflects on his unfortunate fate, sorrow existence, unjust times and the will of the gods. Examples of these tragic, epic heroes can be found in tragedy plays by classical playwrights such as Sophocles and Euripides and authors such as Virgil and Homer. Characters like Oedipus, Odysseus and Antigen are typical tragic heroes. For example, Antigens tragic flaw is her pride and her unwillingness to accept the rules of the King. She is a good example of a character whose tragic story turned out to be very influential to future authors. As the Classical Era came to an end, new values from the Middle Ages were gradually making their way into literature. The culture was undergoing a change as Christianity came more prominent in society. This religious change had a significant impact on social rules and values and this had a long-lasting influence on literature. Due to the high degree of illiteracy, people relied on monks and other members of the church to write down stories. Coincidently, there were a lot of religious overtones in medieval texts. Early medieval poems such as Beowulf can be seen as transitional texts because both heathen values such as revenge, and some Christian elements such as grieve, are present in the text. Heroes in these early medieval texts could still be noninsured to be epic heroes, they share similar values and norms, but they are no longer noblemen by definition. The epic heroes are simple men, versed in the activities of common life. They are leaders not through class status or wealth or even birth, but through the excellencies of heart and mind and hands. (Norman, 27-28) Marshall Fishwife points out that there is a change in style when it comes to the values that defined the medieval hero (10). In the late medieval romances (such Tristan and Soled) special attention is paid to social, religious and moral codes. The ere wants to be successful on the battlefield but attaches importance to correct behavior at court as well, along with loyalty towards his lord, reverence for women and values such as temperance. Thus, the chivalric hero was born. The transition from the epic hero to the chivalric hero with Christian undertones did not happen overnight, and although they share similarities and values, they are also significantly different. The epic hero will often have to go through a physical combat to win his fight, a chivalric hero undergoes a moral, spiritual combat where he has to accept his ward or fate. The characterization of these heroes is quite similar to the heroes from the classical era. Although the character has flaws and needs to overcome them by going on a quest, the character is still quite medallions. The hero is rather generic in that his values are shared by most other heroes from that time. Main characters in medieval times are often easily put in the category good or bad, and the hero is by definition one of good guys. Examples of medieval heroes are Roland in the Song of Roland, Gain in Sir Gain and the Green Knight and Tristan in Tristan and Soled. In the 14th century the Renaissance started to spread throughout Europe and it changed the way people and artists approached history and art. English literature started to undergo a shift in a new direction in the 1 5th century as writers rediscovered their predecessors from the classical era along with their humanistic views on reality. The Renaissance was a pivotal period in the development towards the more individualistic and humanistic society that we know today. 2 Renaissance literature is at the same time a mixture of different elements from previous literary movements and a reaction against those movements. Much like artists from other art disciplines, authors from that period looked back at great artists from the classical times in Ancient Rome and Greece. They had a great respect for their themes, characters and literary formats such as epic narratives, poems and tragedy plays, and many of these aspects were mimicked or adapted by Renaissance writers. M. A. Did Cesar states in his article Not less but more heroic: The epic task and the Renaissance hero that heirs and rebels both, the Renaissance epic poets created formidable and interesting heroes. ( ) They modified the tradition inconsiderably, liking their poet-figures to their heroes, pulling back from the excesses of heroic energy, internalizing heroism, yet seeking to scale new heights. (69) This shows that Renaissance writers were giving a social commentary about their own society by linking it back to classic literature and by commenting on medieval values. The religious undertones from medieval literature did not disappear completely because religion and Christianity were still an important element of society. But, he Renaissance author did start to incorporate humanistic ideals and values in his texts. These new values were occasionally in contrast with the Christian values and this resulted into interesting, complex characters. Heroes in Renaissance literature can be noblemen, but they do not have to be by definition. A mixture of classical values such as courage and honor with medieval values like chivalry, endurance and patience became the norm and this introduced new views on heroism. The characterization of heroes became much more complex, process driven and realistic. Authors were no longer afraid of having a complex hero with contradictory characteristics and strange motives. The good versus bad profiles became more nuanced and the rise of humanism can be seen as a cause for this. Both epic literature and medieval texts have heroes who are rather straightforward and not that complex in their characterization, but people in the Early Modern times were interested in the minds of individuals, not the generic ideals of a stereotypical hero. To illustrate the influence of classical and medieval heroes on Renaissance heroes, we will look at several examples where these influences and changes in social climate, values and characterization can be perceived. As a first example we will turn to the man who is often considered to be the guarded of English Renaissance literature and theatre, William Shakespeare. Shakespeare has many different kinds of heroes, which forms a challenge for the reader or audience to define which characters are the true heroes and which ones are not. Henry IV part 1 has an interesting historical context as it deals with the rise of the house of Lancaster, which happened 3 approximately two centuries prior to Shakespearean time. The bard sets his play in this setting for it allows him to give a social commentary on the social and political situation of his time without offending any people in particular. When it comes to the hero of the play, it gets a little tricky. There are several possible heroes in the play who are all heroes in their own way. First of all, there is the character of Hotshot. He could be considered a thriving hero by classical, epic standards as he lives an ambitious life and strives towards glory and honor. But it is his obsession with honor and glory that will lead him to his death. This makes him a tragic character instead of a thriving, successful character. Falstaff is a another complex character in the sense that his relationship with Hal changes drastically during the play. At first he is seen as the character who brings comic relief to the play and who is the exact opposite of Hotshot. Where Hotshot is trying to achieve glory and honor, Falstaff doubts the very relevance of honor. Shakespeare is deeply ambivalent about the very possibility of heroism in the political worlds their texts portray. (Lawrence 5). Falstaff challenges the meaning and relevance of honor: Yea, but how if honor prick me off when I come on? How then? Can honor set to a leg? No. Or an arm? No. Or take away the grief of a wound? No. Honor hath no skill in surgery then? No. What is honor? A word. What is that word honor? Air. (V. I. 130-134) This is contrasting the whole idea of honorable and heroic values in the epic and medieval literary tradition, which can either make Falstaff an anti-hero, or a new kind of hero. Even though he is selfish, lazy, dishonest, corrupt and unclean, he is a self- made man. He creates the myth of Falstaff through his witty usage of language. As language and puns are very important in Shakespearean plays, one could argue that he is a new kind of hero. However, when Hal becomes King, their relationship changes. Falstaff is humiliated by Harry and he even gets disowned, these series of vents turn him into a tragic hero. The real, successful hero in the play is Hal who is intelligent, witty and pragmatic. But even Hal is a complicated hero in Henry IV part 1; during the battle of Shrubbery he is seen as a warrior hero who is confident and a true prince of England. However, as the audience gets to know Hal, the audience realizes that he is not fond of life at court. He likes to mingle with the simple men on the street and to get to know them better. He befriends the lazy and unclean Falstaff and to an extent, adopts the simple way of life. But his motives are shrewd; e does this to lower other peoples expectations of him in order to emerge as a real hero when the situation comes for him to step up and be a 4 leader. In a way, he is a self-made man as well; even though he is born in a noble family, he decides to use his own intelligence and analytical skills instead of his inherited nobility to gain peoples loyalty. Important values attached to heroism are intelligence, self-creation and most importantly, honor. Hotshot idealizes it, Falstaff despises it, but Halls view on honor is less extreme. He recognizes its significance and power, but sees that it is not the only ideal to live his life by. He is willing to set aside his honor by befriending Falstaff and other odd characters to win their trust and to become more successful in the end. Did Cesar confirms the idea of Hal as a hero: Shakespearean plausible transmutation of epic, the Henries, the emerging heroic figure is not the single-minded Hotshot, who would pluck honor from the pale-faced moon, but the more restrained prince Hal. (69) Shakespeare shows that a hero is no longer the straight-forward, good person going on a quest and this is emphasized by other authors of Renaissance literature as well: he character of Doctor Faustus in Marlowe The Tragically History of the Life and Death of Doctor Faustus is a person from a high social class and he is an egoistic, foolish and selfish person, but he is also a humanist. So the reader gets a more complex character representation of the hero. Similarly, Millions characterization of Satan in Paradise Lost makes Satan a compelling character because of his ability to overcome his weakness and doubts to achieve his goal. Adam and Eve can be seen as potential moral heroes, but they are not as clear-cut as moral heroes from classical or medieval literature. They are not perfect and their curiosity and vanity are their weaknesses. M. A. Did Cesar says: Milton was by no means the first to think that the tradition was really a challenge. (58) He means that Milton was one of the authors who looked back at epic literature and adapted the conventions to a new time, a new social climate. He found a new kind of heroism within the tradition of heroes from the past. His characters are flawed, but in a more realistic way than before. Another interesting hero in the tradition of renaissance literature is Ironwork in Para Bens Ironwork; The Royal Slave, A True History. This early modern hero is important with regard to the social climate of the time where slave trading was still heavily practiced. Been introduces a new kind of hero and discusses social issues such as gender, slavery, feminism, individualism, race and religion. The hero, Ironwork, is a very ambivalent and complex character who is defined by many contradictions. He is a prince and slave trader which makes him a hero of noble descend, but he becomes a slave during the story. This means he is a prince and a slave at the same time. He is a nobleman and a rebel, aggressive and passive, a warrior and a domestic husband. Furthermore, he is a non-Christian character, but is represented in a Christ-like way. 5 Ironwork is powerful and powerless and this makes him interesting and appealing to the audience (and to the narrator). The narrator describes him with romantic language and by strangely enough, European standards. He does not seem to be like the other slaves as he has different physical characteristics, he is educated, knows many languages, etc. His face was not of that brown rusty black which most of that nation are, but of perfect ebony, or polished Jet. ( ) His nose was rising and Roman, instead of African and flat. His mouth the finest shaped that could be seen; far from those great turned lips which are so natural to the rest of the Negroes. The whole proportion and air of his face was so nobly and exactly formed that, bating his color, there could be nothing in nature more beautiful, agreeable, and handsome. (1139) Ironwork is described as if he were a white and European character. This description can be linked to the status of heroes in epic literature where they were considered nobles and even semi-gods. This is reinforced when he is slaying the tigers and the romantic image of him being a prince in captivity. He embodies values from epic literature such as courage, physical strength and honor, as well as medieval ideals with respect to chivalry and (pain) endurance. One could argue that Ironwork is two kinds of heroes: the first being Ironwork as a warrior-hero in his African home, the second being Ironwork as a slave in Saurian where he becomes a hero for his endurance and patience. Other elements that make Ironwork a hero are his promise to Indiana that he will never marry another woman because her soul would always be fine, and always young. (1140) and his respects toward her as an equal. Furthermore, he despises the British plantation owners and slave traders because they have no honor. He is, however, not a pacifist. He participates in war and takes 150 slaves in captivity to gift to Indiana as a symbol of his love. He considers war to be an honorable way of conquering and this is similar to epic and early-medieval heroes. This makes him a good blend of an epic and chivalric hero. Mary B. Rose describes this new kind of heroism in the following statement: Ironwork conjuncts the feminine subject position with slavery and compromised agency and presents the combination as the defining condition of heroism, multitudinously idealizing and scrutinizing the heroics of endurance. (100) 6 These examples show that the hero in Renaissance literature is characterized by the mixture of classical, medieval and humanistic ideals. The rise of individualism and humanism made the characters more complex and profiled them as individuals and less as generic, stereotypical heroes. This analysis of heroes in Renaissance literature shows that the political, social and religious contexts can never be underestimated when analyzing literature and that one should always pay attention to preceding tertiary movements when discussing a particular period because it helps us to place a literary work in the right time-frame. Works cited: Been, Para. Ironwork; The Royal Slave.

Free Essays on Hospitality In Odyssey

Hospitality in the Odyssey Hospitality has played a large role in ancient Mycenaen society and is even evident in the writings of the time, as witnessed in Homer’s Odyssey. Hospitality reveals itself as a domineering factor in the way characters act and the way characters are treated in the Odyssey. One instance of the role of hospitality in the Odyssey occurs early on in the epic when Telemachus secretly set off to find Nestor. Upon first sight of Telemachus and Athene and without any inquiries about who they were, Nestor’s son Peisistratus invited them to the banquet that was in progress. It was not until after Telemachus and Athene had had their fill of food and gotten comfortable that they were asked who they were and where they came from. It seems to have been a common gesture of courtesy in ancient Greek culture to offer guests food and entertainment before attending to business. A second instance of hospitality at work in the Odyssey came in book six when Nausicaa found Odysseus on the shores of Scherie. Even though Odysseus must have appeared intimidating, or even monstrous, Nausicaa felt obligated to help. As was the case when Telemachus visited Nestor, food and drink was readily given to Odysseus shortly after his arrival at the palace. Even though Odysseus was a total stranger, he was still promised food, shelter, and a ride back to his homeland. These gestures of hospitality in the Odyssey were used as an instrument to tell the reader who were the protagonists and who were the antagonists. All of the good characters immediately took Odysseus or his son Telemachus into their homes and fed them. None of the antagonists in the story ever exhibited any form of hospitality towards Odysseus or Telemachus. In the Odyssey, the good offered hospitality, and the bad fed off of the hospitality of others. Hospitality seemed to play a major role in ancient Greek societies. Social status appears to have been determine... Free Essays on Hospitality In Odyssey Free Essays on Hospitality In Odyssey Hospitality in the Odyssey Hospitality has played a large role in ancient Mycenaen society and is even evident in the writings of the time, as witnessed in Homer’s Odyssey. Hospitality reveals itself as a domineering factor in the way characters act and the way characters are treated in the Odyssey. One instance of the role of hospitality in the Odyssey occurs early on in the epic when Telemachus secretly set off to find Nestor. Upon first sight of Telemachus and Athene and without any inquiries about who they were, Nestor’s son Peisistratus invited them to the banquet that was in progress. It was not until after Telemachus and Athene had had their fill of food and gotten comfortable that they were asked who they were and where they came from. It seems to have been a common gesture of courtesy in ancient Greek culture to offer guests food and entertainment before attending to business. A second instance of hospitality at work in the Odyssey came in book six when Nausicaa found Odysseus on the shores of Scherie. Even though Odysseus must have appeared intimidating, or even monstrous, Nausicaa felt obligated to help. As was the case when Telemachus visited Nestor, food and drink was readily given to Odysseus shortly after his arrival at the palace. Even though Odysseus was a total stranger, he was still promised food, shelter, and a ride back to his homeland. These gestures of hospitality in the Odyssey were used as an instrument to tell the reader who were the protagonists and who were the antagonists. All of the good characters immediately took Odysseus or his son Telemachus into their homes and fed them. None of the antagonists in the story ever exhibited any form of hospitality towards Odysseus or Telemachus. In the Odyssey, the good offered hospitality, and the bad fed off of the hospitality of others. Hospitality seemed to play a major role in ancient Greek societies. Social status appears to have been determine...

Grants Narrative Statement of Need - Fleishhacker Foundation Education Assignment

Grants Narrative Statement of Need - Fleishhacker Foundation Education Program - Assignment Example This essay declares that Boys and Girls Club believe that all children in San Francisco deserve high quality education, which will enable them became responsible citizens of San Francisco in particular, and the Unites States of America in general, in future. Boys and Girls Club prides itself in striving to provide safe environment which is necessary for academic excellence of students; with a special focus on children from low income households in San Francisco. Ensuring that all children from low income households; graduate from high schools and join university and colleges is one of our main desires. This paper makes a conclusion that improving education infrastructure in public schools will enable children from low income households complete education processes successfully. San Francisco Unified School District is one of the largest school districts found in California. The average graduation rate is 66%. An ethnic breakdown of this data reveals a worrying trend in the education sector; African Americans graduation rate is 49%, Latino 48%, Asian 76%, and white 64%. Less than 50% of African and Latino Americans graduated from the high schools in San Francisco. Majority of African Americans and Latino Americans come from low income households; and this explains the high rates of high school drop outs. Low income children cannot afford to study in schools which have all the required academic infrastructures; due to the high fees charged. This calls for a project like ours that will make good education infrastructure accessible to many children as possible.

Response paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 27

Response paper - Essay Example The author also says that there were many continuations of the Algerian War found in the modern French society (McCormack 200). The Algerian War in history terms shows parts of the present in relation to its sequels. I believe the Algerian War memories are important in understanding the modern French society. The Algerian war memory has been reserved while the Indo-China conflict has been truly out of the memory, as it does not reappear in the present. The repression of the memory is unhealthy for the French community as it results in repetition of old divisions. It prevents a peaceful mind from existing and brings about the injury produced by painful memories (McCormack 220). Essentially, the commemoration of the Algerian War events should be perceived as an opportunity for the French administration to show their readiness to the Fifth Republic to identify the problematic facets of its history. The French government must generate a report through the creation of a commission to gather evidence and facts about the Algerian war. Great work needs to be done if France is to conquer the divisions in the French society that were inherited from the

Linguistic Devices Essay Example for Free

Linguistic Devices Essay Both Sun and Independent use linguistic devices. Both Sun and Independent are about the same subject about Clare Short, who is an ex-Cabinet Minister. Clare Short was accused of treachery; she was accused of leaking secrets about the UKs National Security. Both newspapers present the case against her in different ways. The Sun and Independent are reporting on Clare Shorts words according to Sun she was damaging the interest of the UK. In the Independent she was accused the blame about the Iraq war. The Suns headline is big and striking but in The Independent it is small and not as striking. The headline in The Sun had lots of premodifiers self-serving irresponsible discredited and bitter but on The Independent it rarely uses any. The tabloid used premodifiers in the title to show biased views unlike broadsheet newspaper, which shows different opinion to the audience. The Independent uses names in the title to identify who they are talking about. This is more informative. Both newspapers had pictures. Generally, The Sun had bigger pictures than The Independent. The Sun gives a big negative picture, which gives the audience a negative impression that she is guilty. On the other hand The Independent gives fairly good impression of Clare Short and as if she is explaining her thoughts. Tabloid only has a caption that shows a more one-sided approach, under fire where Clare Short has to defend herself. However in the Independent it has captions for Clare Short and Turnbull. This shows that the Independent is focusing on both sides of the argument. Independent uses informative rather than the accusation language of The Sun. When the Independent makes their point there is no naming people. The Sun uses slang and colloquial language to grab the readers attention. Sun also writes this to entertain the audience. Whilst in The Independent they use Standard English, their purpose is to inform and explain to the reader. The Sun avoids complex sentences so as not to confuse the reader whilst in Independent uses more complex sentences and punctuation to inform the reader. The Sun uses less complex vocabulary; however in Independent they use more complex vocabulary. The Independent uses complex vocabulary so that reader trusts newspapers because they sound sophisticated. The Sun manipulates readers opinion about Clare Short is negative by use of premodifiers like ranting, and angry. Sun gives a positive impression of Turnbull to the reader by not criticising Turnbull much. However in the Independent they are accusing Turnbull of giving a letter and threatening Clare Short. In The Sun the writer suggests that he says damaging the interest of the UK. This reinforces that it is relevant to the UK viewers. The Sun newspaper had a sidebar saying Page 3 ban doomed Clare Short failed to doom the Suns page. This strengthens readers feeling against Clare Short. This sidebar is only connected to the story because of Clare Short. In the Independent the sidebar was a letter from Sir A. Turnbull. This is additional information. The Independent uses Standard English. On the other hand The Sun uses colloquial language. An example of Standard English is there had been unease across Whitehall over the legality of the war without a second UN resolution. This is very easy to understand and avoids colloquial language. Examples of colloquial language are tore into and rock bottom. Those who enjoy reading tabloid newspapers find language easy and broadsheet readers are able to accept the formal language. In The Sun the writer quotes Jonathan Dimbleys questions rather than Clare Shorts answers. This is able to bias the readers opinion more, if they quote Clare Short less. However, The Independent uses long quotations from Clare Short. This gives the readers more freedom to decide their own opinion. Both newspapers use very different linguistic devices and different means of presentation to give the audience different opinions. The photographs are different; The Sun gives less attractive picture than the Independent.

Dealing with Learning Disabilities Essays -- Education Psychology Essa

Dealing with Learning Disabilities â€Å"He’ll know things one day, but not the next†. â€Å"She is seeing or writing words or numbers backwards.† â€Å"She has difficulty grasping simple concepts†. These are comments made by teachers who have classified certain students in their classroom as having the unfortunate burden of a learning disability. A learning disability is â€Å"a disorder in one or more of the basic psychological processes involved in understanding or in using language, spoken or written, which may manifest itself in an imperfect ability to listen, think, speak, read, write, spell, or do mathematical calculations†(Metzger, 1983, p7). Students with learning disorders may exhibit difficulty learning in a number of ways. Such conditions as perceptual handicaps, brain injury, minimal brain dysfunction, dyslexia, and developmental aphasia all contribute to learning disabilities. Students that suffer from visual, auditory or motor handicaps, mental retardation, or emotiona l disturbance endure these same learning disabilities, but are usually more severe. These select students with diverse handicaps may encounter barriers that obstruct their success in education. When such barriers occur, adaptive technology is the appropriate solution. Adaptive technology is available for students on all different levels with numerous diverse learning disabilities and has played an important role is assisting these students to develop necessary skills for their academic success. In the home, classroom, workplace, and community, adaptive technology is enabling individuals with disabilities to be more independent, self-confident, productive, and better incorporated into the mainstream (Kelker, 1997). Educational Encyclopedias define the technology of ... ...the potential psychological stress and possible negative social ramifications of having to rely continually upon others† (Raskind & Bryant, 1997). It is quite obvious to comprehend that adaptive technology has proved to be an effective tool for special education students along with any other individual with a disability. There is an adaptive piece of easily accessible technological equipment for any disability one is attempting to overcome. Such powerful tools within a learning environment offer numerous directions through which to reach special education students and to adapt the learning environment to the students’ needs. The adaptive technologies available within today’s educational arena have the ability not only to develop the skills of a disabled learner, but also to help a student in need attempt to receive thenormal, good quality education they deserve.

Ap European History Summer Assignment 2012

Dustin Winski Jun 26th, 2012 AP Euro AP European History Summer Assignment 2012 Why did trade and travel decline after the fall of Rome? After the fall of Rome, with no government to supply protection or to keep the rads and bridges repaired, travel became difficult and dangerous. This danger, coupled with ignorance and lack of desire to change the situation by the powerful lords, whose manors required little trade, led to the decline in travel and trade. Who was the first â€Å"Holy Roman Emperor† and how did he get that title?After restoring Pope Leo III in Rome from which he had been driven by invaders, Charlemagne was crowned by the Poe as â€Å"Emperor of the Romans†. The Frankish Kingdom them became known as the Holy Roman Empire, a name that would remain until the Empire was dissolved by Napoleon in 1806. What is the difference between the Roman Empire and the Holy Roman Empire? The Holy Roman Empire was started by Charlemagne and was centered in France. It was c alled the Holy Roman Empire† due to the fact that the Pope crowned Charlemagne as the Emperor.What were the connections between â€Å"The Holy Roman Empire† and â€Å"The Church†? The Holy Roman Empire was an endeavor by the Catholic Church and Christian kings to restore in their own image the crumbled remains of the secular achievements of the ancient pagan Roman Empire. Define feudalism and describe the characteristics of its organization. Feudalism was also a social and economics organization based on a series of reciprocal relationships. The king in theory owned the land which he granted to lords who in return would give service, usually in the form of military aid, to the king.The receiver of the land became a vassal, and these grants of land were known as fiefs. Sometimes these fiefs were larger than a lord could administer. So he, in turn, granted use of part of the land to lesser lords who pledged their service in return. This system continued on until, a t the lowest level, a knight administered only small feudal estate. Why were strong kings rare and central government generally missing under the feudal system? Kings under the feudal system generally had weak methods for gathering taxes and for ensuring their rule.For both, since the King's writ didn't extend directly through a country, they were often reliant on local governing mechanisms. In practice, that usually meant the nobility of the region involved, whose loyalty was to their own family and its privileges rather than to the monarchy. What were the benefits supposedly derived from the feudal system? Who benefited the most? Feudal manors provided both political and social organization. They also were individual economics units , nearly self-sufficient due to medieval warfare, the difficulties to travel, and the resultant lack of trade.The feudal estate featured a manor-home, usually a fortified castle surrounded by protective walls, belonging to the lord, surrounded by field s, herds and villages where serfs lived and worked. What was the importance of â€Å"The Church† and the Christian religion in the lives of the Europeans in the Middle Ages? Religion and the after-life became the focal point of thought and living. The influence of religion can also clearly be seen in the art, architecture, literature, and music of the time. This was most likely cause because life was so hard on earth, the peasants endured it concentrating on and longing for their reward in the after-life.How did the ritual and sacraments of the Church establish a constant, ongoing relationship with its individual members? The believers of the Roman Catholic Church believed the seven sacraments kept an individual constantly connected to God and the Church from birth to death. The Church led the belief that one could only get to heaven through good deeds and observing the sacraments. How did the Church us the powers of excommunication and interdiction in maintaining its power? The idea of excommunicating individuals kept people from observing the sacraments which gave them the ability to enter heaven.Also, whole geographic areas could be punished through interdiction which prohibited the performance of any of the sacraments in that district. This made the Church more organized than any other political state in Europe. How was Education, learning and knowledge of Europe preserved during the lowest point of the Middle Ages, the so-called â€Å"Dark Ages†? Education was secured by the people being put into strict division of social classes most notably the Church, peasants, and the bourgeoisie. What was the dominant philosophy of the Middle Ages called? Who was its most outstanding spokesman?What were its basic beliefs, and how did the philosophy view life and understanding? The dominant philosophy of the late Middle Ages was best articulated by St. Thomas Aquinas and known as scholasticism. Who belonged to each of the three estates of medieval Europe an society and what was the primary duty of a member of each estate? How was this different from the social classes in modern society? The first of the estates were composed of the Church. The main purpose for this estate would be to claim the authority of God. The second estate consisted of the nobility of ‘society'. The primary focus of the nobility were to function as warriors.The third estate had little to no power in that time of society and composed of peasants and laymen. This changed throughout Europe with the coming of feudalism. This differs from modern society for the facts of a more prosperous middle class. Describe the guilds. Who made up their membership and what was their influence on the business practices of the late Middle Ages? In the middle ages, the ‘Guilds' were labor market intermediaries organizing training, working conditions. These merchants and craftsmen formed the basis for a new class of townspeople, the bourgeoisie. They would be the basis o f the growing middle class.How did the guilds improve the lot of freemen? How did they help business and trade? How did they restrict its growth? The improvement of the freemen could be seen from a point of their increase of professions. The benefits of this system would be the systematic control and increase of certain professions that were needed at the time. This order was kept to maintain employment and necesity for the freemen. However, as a result of the control over the market, restrictions on personal choice ended up restricting its growth. Who were the bourgeoisie? Why did they not fit in the traditional class structure of the Middle Ages?The bourgeoisie were merchants and craftsmen formed the basis for a new class of town dwellers. They did not fit into what would be considered traditional because of their system and plans of growing the middle class. Why was the social structure of Europe challenged by the growing number of free townspeople and the changing economy? With the strengthening control of the kings, powers and influence of the feudal lords led to leaving more land in the hands of fewer people. This led to the even farther decline in the idea of feudalism. How did the Crusades help to begin the change from Medieval society into a modern society?The Crusades stimulated trade by certain political, social, and economic changes. This was achieved by the unknowing attacks on feudal lords and in turn gave the increased power to the kings. The changes developed after the old nobility lacked the wealth to keep up with the kings. Why are the Crusades sometimes called â€Å"Successful failures†? The Crusaders led to the eventual fading out of feudal states in the most of Europe and is an important part of European expansion and colonialism. Why and in what ways did kings and central governments grow stronger at the end of the Middle Ages?The Kings helped facilitate the forming of countries by uniting small feudal states into large kingdoms. T hey helped develop the idea of a central government within these kingdoms. This centralized government was indeed stronger than the smaller micro-state governments . What obstacles stood in the way of the creation of strong central governments? Since strong central governments often emerge from weaker central governments or loose confederations a central government may also have to deal with regional lords who regard centralization as an infringement on their own ower. Why was the re-establishment of trade so important to the transformation of Europe? Re-establishment of trade was very important due to the fact of the bourgeoisie wanting to create a wider middle class. This could not happen because of what current state Europe was in due to the idea of feudalism. Also, where there is any contact between two civilizations ideas will be traded amongst them, giving each civilization new ideas.

Major Rivers That Flow North

A common misconception about rivers is that they all flow south. Perhaps some people think that all rivers flow toward the equator (in the Northern Hemisphere) or that rivers like to flow down toward the bottom of north-oriented maps. Whatever the source of this misunderstanding, the truth is that rivers, like all other objects on earth, flow downhill due to gravity. No matter where a river is located, it will take the path of least resistance and flow downhill as rapidly as possible. Sometimes that path is south, but it is just as likely to be north, east, west, or some other direction in between. Rivers That Flow North There are countless examples of rivers flowing northward. Some of the most famous are the worlds longest river, the Nile; Russias Ob, Lena, and Yenisey Rivers; the Red River in the United States and Canada; and Floridas St. Johns River. In fact, rivers that flow north can be found all around the world: Athabasca River, Canada, 765 milesRiver Bann, Northern Ireland, 80 milesBighorn River, United States, 185 milesCauca River, Colombia, 600 milesDeschutes River, United States, 252 milesEssequibo River, Guyana, 630 milesFox River, United States, 202 milesGenesee River, United States, 157 milesLena River, Russia, 2735 milesMagdalena River, Colombia, 949 milesMojave River, United States, 110 milesNile, Northeastern Africa, 4258 milesOb River, Russia, 2268 milesRed River, United States and Canada, 318 milesRichelieu River, Canada, 77 milesSt. Johns River, United States, 310 milesWillamette River, United States, 187 milesYenisey River, Russia, 2136 miles The Nile Image Source/Getty Images   The most famous river that flows north is also the longest river in the world: the Nile, which passes through 11 different countries in northeastern Africa. The rivers principal tributaries are the White Nile and the Blue Nile. The former is the stretch of river that begins at Lake No in South Sudan, while the latter is the stretch of river that begins at Lake Tana in Ethiopia. These two tributaries meet in Sudan, near the capital city of Khartoum, and then flow north through Egypt to the Mediterranean Sea. Since ancient times, the Nile has provided sustenance and support to the people who live along its banks. Herodotus, an ancient Greek historian, referred to Egypt as a gift of the [Nile], and there is no doubt that the great civilization would not have been able to prosper without it. The river not only provided fertile farmland, but also facilitated trade and migration, allowing people to travel more easily through an otherwise harsh environment. Lena River Of Russias mighty rivers—including the Ob, the Lena, and the Amur—the Lena is one of the longest, covering over 2,700 miles from the Baikal Mountains to the Arctic Sea. The river stretches through Siberia, a sparsely populated region known for its harsh climate. During the Soviet era, millions of people—including many political dissidents—were sent to prisons and labor camps in Siberia. Even before Soviet rule, the region was a place of exile. Some historians believe the revolutionary Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov, after being exiled to Siberia, took the name Lenin after the Lena River. The rivers floodplain is known for its snow forests and tundra, habitats that are home to numerous birds, including swans, geese, and sandpipers. Meanwhile, the freshwater of the river itself is home to species of fish such as salmon and sturgeon. St. Johns River The St. Johns River is the longest river in Florida, running up the eastern coast of the state from St. Johns Marsh to the Atlantic Ocean. Along the way, the river drops only 30 feet in elevation, which is why it flows so slowly and tranquilly. The river feeds into Lake George, the second largest lake in Florida. The earliest people to live along the river were likely the hunter-gatherers known as Paleo-Indians, who inhabited the Florida Peninsula over 10,000 years ago. Later, the area was home to Native tribes including the Timucua and the Seminole. French and Spanish settlers arrived in the 16th century, and it was Spanish missionaries who later established a mission at the mouth of the river. The mission was named San Juan del Puerto (St. John of the Harbor), giving the river its name.